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Exchangeable Al

Exchangeable aluminium is the toxic ion in very acid soil. The job is lime and organic matter, not more nitrogen.

Speed
  1. Exchangeable aluminium is the toxic ion in very acid soil.
  2. Below about pH 5.5 it dissolves and injures root tips.
  3. Brown, bald tips with few white points, then the top stalls.
  4. The job is lime and organic matter, not more nitrogen.

How it appears on the sheet

Below about pH 5.5, aluminium dissolves and injures root tips: brown, bald, few white tips. Then the shoot stalls.

A sketch. Do not fertilise from the picture alone.

Common units

Exchangeable Al often cmol/kg. It becomes active when pH is low.

How to read the number

Below about pH 5.5, aluminium dissolves and injures root tips: brown, bald, few white tips. Then the top stalls. Southern red-yellow earth, tea, and ammonium-N grain fields show it.

Hunger keeps a root, just thin; aluminium injures the tip. Wash roots before you add fertiliser. The job is lime and organic matter, not more nitrogen. Tea likes acid, not ever-more-acid.

Thresholds only, not a prescription. Rates live in the field guide. This page does not hand you a bag count.

What it looks like in the field

Below about pH 5.5, aluminium dissolves and injures root tips: brown, bald, few white tips. Then the top stalls.

Don’t do this

  • Urea on bald roots.
  • Liming by hearsay without a pH.
  • Hunger keeps a root, just thin; aluminium injures the tip. Wash roots before you add fertiliser.

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