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ESP / SAR

How many cation seats sodium took — not crust thickness.

Also called: exchangeable sodium percentage, sodium adsorption ratio

Speed
  1. ESP is sodium’s share of the seats.
  2. No CEC, no ESP.
  3. Salt is EC. Alkali is ESP.
  4. Rates live in the saline guide.

How it appears on the sheet

Some sheets print ESP%. Others expect you to divide Na by CEC. SAR is more common on irrigation-water tests.

A sketch. Do not fertilise from the picture alone.

Common units

ESP is usually %. SAR is dimensionless. Read with exchangeable Na and CEC.

Soil:water ratio · ESP and SAR are not the same number. No CEC, no ESP.

How to read the number

Salt is EC. Alkali is pH, Na and ESP. High ESP: drain and calcium first, not urea.

Rates live in the saline-alkali guide.

Thresholds only, not a prescription. Rates live in the field guide. This page does not hand you a bag count.

Low / mid / high (sketch)
CellLowMidHigh
ESP% (sketch)Few Na seatsStructure starts to failSodic — drain before gypsum

Regional classes differ. This table is a comparison, not a prescription.

What it looks like in the field

Poor structure, slurry when wet, clods when dry — that matches sodicity better than a white film.

Don’t do this

  • Don’t treat ESP as EC.
  • Don’t invent ESP without CEC.
  • Don’t gypsum every crust.