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Substrate and soil are not the same recipe

Coconut coir is not a field. Don’t copy the field bag into a bag of media.

Other
Speed
  1. Bags and soil beds in one house; recipes get copied the wrong way.
  2. Substrate has no soil buffer; EC is jumpy.
  3. Soil has a buffer; a mix almost has none.
  4. A mix shows shortage faster, but read EC and pH first.
  5. Don’t pour a garden-soil recipe into coir; don’t heap manure into substrate as if it were soil.
  6. Leachate EC / pH: Follow the crop stage. Measure every day, or on a rhythm
  7. Name what you see before you feed.
  8. If leaves, roots and the surface disagree, stop.

What you see in the field

Bags and soil beds in one house; recipes get copied the wrong way. Substrate has no soil buffer; EC is jumpy.Walk the worst strip and compare a neighbour. Photograph the whole plant, a close-up and the soil surface. If those three do not line up, do not rush a bag. Lab numbers have to match the field.

A sketch. Do not fertilise from the picture alone.

Tap to enlarge. The caption says what to photograph. Missing field photos are marked as to-be-added.

Why it looks like this

The field looks like this because the root cannot take water or nutrients the usual way. Fix the soil condition first — drainage, salt, acidity, compaction or a salt of fertiliser — then a thin feed. Rates live in the range on this page; confirm with a local station and the label.

Easy to mix up

  • Looks like “Soil culture”

    Soil has a buffer; a mix almost has none.

  • Looks like “Nutrient shortage”

    A mix shows shortage faster, but read EC and pH first.

Do this / don’t do that

  1. 1Bags and soil beds in one house; recipes get copied the wrong way. Substrate has no soil buffer; EC is jumpy.
  2. 2Two files. Test EC and pH more often in substrate. Read the leachate. Don’t pour soil-manure habits into a bag.
  3. 3Don’t pour a garden-soil recipe into coir. Use the range on this page only as a range. Confirm with a local station and the product label.

Don’t do this first

  • Don’t pour a garden-soil recipe into coir; don’t heap manure into substrate as if it were soil.

Rate range

Leachate EC / pH

Follow the crop stage

Measure every day, or on a rhythm.

Fertiliser

Follow the mix recipe, not a mu rate

A weak buffer: stay thin.

These are ranges. Confirm with your local extension station and the product label.

Leachate EC

How salty it is around the root

A mix changes fast.

Leachate pH

Whether nutrient is locked

Follow the crop window.

When you see Bags and soil beds in one house; recipes get copied the wrong way. Substrate has no soil buffer; EC is jumpy, test. Walk an S and mix — one hole is not the field.

Lesson video

2026-03-25 · Li Zeyu · For learning. Serious damage: local agronomist or a soil test.

For learning only. Fertiliser and pesticide decisions need a local agronomist and a soil test.

Not sure? Photograph the field to identify the problem