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Exchangeable sodium

Alkali is sodium, not every white crust.

Also called: Ex-Na, exchangeable Na

Speed
  1. Exchangeable sodium is the alkali question.
  2. White crust is salt. High Na is sodicity.
  3. Read it with CEC.
  4. Don’t gypsum every white crust.

How it appears on the sheet

The sheet says exchangeable sodium or Ex-Na, often cmol/kg. Not the same cell as total salt or EC.

A sketch. Do not fertilise from the picture alone.

Common units

Exchangeable Na often cmol/kg; ESP is usually %.

Soil:water ratio · ESP needs CEC too. A high Na with a high CEC is a different percentage.

How to read the number

Sodium breaks crumbs. Gypsum is not for every white crust — only when Na is high and calcium is relatively low.

Rates live in the saline-alkali guide.

Thresholds only, not a prescription. Rates live in the field guide. This page does not hand you a bag count.

Low / mid / high (sketch)
CellLowMidHigh
Exchangeable Na (sketch)Few seats, not the alkali driverRead as a percentage of CECPoor structure; drain before gypsum

Regional classes differ. This table is a comparison, not a prescription.

What it looks like in the field

Slick, sticky, poor structure, not always a thick crust — often sodium.

Don’t do this

  • Don’t mix Na with total salt.
  • Don’t gypsum every crust.
  • No drain, no flood.